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amplitude—Often the greatest magnitude at a given point of any spatially and temporally varying physical quantity governed by a wave equation; can also mean the spatial part of a time-harmonic wave function. For example, in the time-harmonic (or sinusoidal) scalar wave function with circular frequency ω,  where φ(x) is the (complex) amplitude of the wave, although the modulus of φ also may be called its amplitude. The (complex) amplitude of the scalar plane harmonic wave  with wavenumber k and initial phase θ is A exp(ikx − iθ), the modulus of which,  , is also called the amplitude of the wave. In its most general sense, amplitude means extent or size. Thus the amplitude of a wave is some measure of its size.
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